Tundra 【2025-2026】

: This frozen layer prevents deep root systems and restricts drainage, often creating bogs, marshes, and shallow lakes during the summer thaw.

: Winters are long and dark, with temperatures dropping as low as , while brief summers remain cool, typically between Tundra

: Located in the Northern Hemisphere, encircling the North Pole and extending south to the boreal forests of the taiga. : This frozen layer prevents deep root systems

: Found at high elevations on mountains worldwide, above the tree line where overnight temperatures fall below freezing. often creating bogs