Research on the has shifted from a purely "motor-centered" view to an integrated model that includes cognitive, emotional, and social processing. Core Function: Action Selection and Vigor
: New evidence from 2025 shows specific neurons act as a high-precision "license," deciding exactly when to start or stop a movement. "Beyond" Motor Control: Cognitive and Emotional Roles The Basal Ganglia: Novel Perspectives on Motor ...
The basal ganglia operate through multiple parallel loops that engage territories far beyond the motor cortex. The Basal Ganglia - Springer Nature Research on the has shifted from a purely
Historically seen as a simple "switchboard," the basal ganglia are now understood as a complex system for —prioritizing one movement while inhibiting others. The Basal Ganglia - Springer Nature Historically seen
: Recent studies (2024–2025) suggest the basal ganglia specifically control the speed, amplitude, and frequency (vigor) of movements based on reward and motivation.