According to the influential book Smart City – Future City? by Chirine Etezadzadeh, Smart City 2.0 is specifically defined as a . Key Characteristics of Smart City 2.0 Smart City 2.0 as a Livable City and Future Market
The phrase "Smart City 2.0 as a..." refers to the shift from technology-driven cities to . This second generation of urban development is often defined as a "City as a Platform" for growth, focusing on utilizing technology as an enabler rather than an end goal. Smart City – Future City?: Smart City 2.0 as a ...