Topics include temperature, internal energy, heat capacity, and thermal balance.
Studies on electric current, circuits, and resistance.
Investigating light reflection with plane mirrors, light refraction, and determining focal lengths of lenses. Topics include temperature
The 9th-grade workbook contains approximately 8 laboratory works:
Each workbook usually follows a standard format: Preparation for the experiment , (step-by-step instructions), Data tables for results, and Conclusions . Data tables for results
Investigating sound vibrations and studying the law of conservation of mechanical energy.
The 8th-grade material is often divided into theoretical control, practical training, and laboratory works: and laboratory works: Determining substance density
Determining substance density, studying elastic properties of bodies, and measuring the coefficient of sliding friction.