Misfits [part 2 V13.1] Apr 2026

: Standard indicators like the near-infrared to mid-infrared spectral index or bolometric temperature ( Tbolcap T sub b o l end-sub ) can be misleading. Envelope Mass : The presence of approximately 0.2M⊙0.2 cap M sub circled dot end-sub

(solar masses) in the envelope is used as a reliable indicator for Stage 0+I classification. Misfits [Part 2 v13.1]

: The survey uses specific metrics to distinguish between evolutionary stages: : Standard indicators like the near-infrared to mid-infrared

You can find the full research documentation on the IOPscience portal . THE REAL SOLAR NEIGHBORHOOD PROTOSTARS - IOPscience Misfits [Part 2 v13.1]

) and submillimeter dust continuum emission to confirm the presence of an extended envelope.

: A star and disk where the envelope has mostly dissipated.