Millán-Astray instilled a unique, quasi-religious cult of death ( mística legionaria ), famously characterized by the motto "¡Viva la Muerte!" (Long live death) and the Credo Legionario . 2. Internal Conflict and the Civil War (1934–1939)
The unit was established by Royal Decree on , under the name Tercio de Extranjeros (Regiment of Foreigners). Following the Civil War, the Legion returned to
Following the Civil War, the Legion returned to its role defending Spain’s remaining colonial interests. It played a decisive role in the Nationalist
The Legion served as the elite shock troops of Franco’s Army of Africa . During this time, it expanded significantly, growing from a few banderas (battalions) to 18. It played a decisive role in the Nationalist victory, often leading the most difficult offensives. 3. Post-War and the End of Empire (1940–1975) Following the Civil War
Following the "Green March" by Moroccan civilians and the death of Franco, the Legion oversaw the difficult and bitter withdrawal of Spanish forces from the Sahara. 4. Modernization and International Missions (1976–1995)
The Legion fought to defend the Spanish enclave of Ifni against the Moroccan Army of Liberation.