Students are often asked to recall the Great Geographical Discoveries that paved the way for this era of expansion. Self-Check Questions
The creation of a unified global market began, but it was built on the exploitation of colonial territories and indigenous peoples. Students are often asked to recall the Great
European nations sought economic gain through resource extraction, trade control, and the spread of European culture and religion to local populations. During the 16th–17th centuries, Portugal and Spain were
During the 16th–17th centuries, Portugal and Spain were leaders in colonial policy. By the 18th century, they were challenged and largely displaced by England, France, and Holland . If your class is currently studying the late
Some 8th-grade editions focusing on the 19th century (1800–1900) use Paragraph 21 to cover "France: The Third Republic" , discussing its economic slowdown and political struggles post-1870. If your class is currently studying the late 19th century, focus on the rise of French republicanism instead.
Which countries led colonial policy in the 16th–17th centuries?
What were the primary reasons for European expansion into the East?