: Instruction level parallelism and parallel processing architectures. 2. Recommended Courses Course Details

: Machine language, addressing modes, and the programmer-visible interface. Weeks 4–8: Processor & Memory

: Methods for peripheral communication like DMA.

A standard NPTEL COA course, such as those from IIT Kharagpur or IIT Madras , generally follows this 12-week layout:

: Implementation of addition, multiplication, and complex division algorithms.

: Historical context from ENIAC to modern multi-core processors.

: Hardware-based and micro-programmed control.