: The avr-g++ (or equivalent for ARM/ESP32) compiler converts the C++ code into object files.
The Arduino "functions" are actually wrappers for . Arduino Internals
: The avrdude tool sends this binary file to the microcontroller’s flash memory via the Bootloader . 3. Hardware Internals & Registers : The avr-g++ (or equivalent for ARM/ESP32) compiler
: Every C++ program needs a main() function. In Arduino, this is hidden in the core files (e.g., main.cpp ). It typically looks like this: Arduino Internals
How to properly include functions written on other sketch tabs
: Your .ino file is converted into a valid .cpp file by adding #include and generating function prototypes.